Bridging Parental Investment and Children's Willingness to Communicate With AI : A Serial Mediation of Self‐Efficacy and Autonomy in AI ‐Enhanced Informal Digital Learning of English
Honggang Liu; Jiqun Fan; Qinqing Zhang · 2026 · European Journal of Education
WASTE classifies this as Negative / Null Result Report · AI classification, approximate
The study found no significant effect — useful as a negative control or null benchmark for your own design.
Abstract
ABSTRACT In the context of AI‐empowered language education, informal digital learning of English has emerged as a key site for fostering young learners ' positive psycho‐emotional development. However, limited attention has been paid to how family factors shape children ' s willingness to communicate with AI. This study investigated how parental investment influences upper‐primary students ' willingness to communicate with AI in an AI‐enhanced informal digital learning of English context, focusing on the mediating roles of AI learning self‐efficacy and learning autonomy. Grounded in Social Cog
Abstract by Honggang Liu; Jiqun Fan; Qinqing Zhang, European Journal of Education (2026) — licensed CC BY 4.0.
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Metadata source: OpenAlex · DOI 10.1111/ejed.70869