Think First, ChatGPT Later: Guiding Human–AI Collaboration for Learning Gains in Independent Human Creativity
Sarah Shi Hui Wong; Sophia Xuefei Qiu · 2026 · Educational Psychology Review
WASTE classifies this as Negative / Null Result Report · AI classification, approximate
The study found no significant effect — useful as a negative control or null benchmark for your own design.
Abstract
Abstract Generative artificial intelligence (AI) tools such as ChatGPT can boost creative performance, but do these boosts translate into learning gains? This study examined whether the benefits of ChatGPT for creativity persist even when its assistance is removed, and how people can effectively use ChatGPT to enhance their learning and independent creativity. University students ( N = 196) solved a creative product improvement task either independently (human-only group) or using ChatGPT freely (general-AI group) or using ChatGPT in a guided way (regulated-AI group). Specifically, the regulat
Abstract by Sarah Shi Hui Wong; Sophia Xuefei Qiu, Educational Psychology Review (2026) — licensed CC BY 4.0.
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Metadata source: OpenAlex · DOI 10.1007/s10648-026-10118-7