The effect of orthodontic extraction protocol on vertical skeletal relationships: A retrospective study.
Ferrillo M; Daly K; Pandis N; Fleming PS · 2026 · International orthodontics
WASTE classifies this as Negative / Null Result Report · AI classification, approximate
The study found no significant effect — useful as a negative control or null benchmark for your own design.
Abstract (excerpt)
Introduction Extractions may be helpful in the relief of crowding and in incisal retraction. While extractions may help to control the vertical dimension, their effect is not clear-cut. Four premolar extractions (FPE) may be more potent in…
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Metadata source: Europe PMC · DOI 10.1016/j.ortho.2025.101133