Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine· cited by 9

A comprehensive review of venous thromboembolism risk assessment models for hospitalized medical patients: comparative evidence, implementation challenges, and future directions

Lama Alfehaid; Nada Alsuhebany; Yahya M K Tawfik; Shuroug A. Alowais; Shazia Adnan; Joud Alfriah; Lolwa Alabdelmuhsin; Abdulmajeed M. Alshehri · 2026 · Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine

WASTE classifies this as Negative / Null Result Report · AI classification, approximate

The study found no significant effect — useful as a negative control or null benchmark for your own design.

Abstract

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a leading cause of preventable hospital-acquired morbidity and mortality. Despite the availability of effective prophylaxis, its application in clinical practice remains inconsistent, often due to uncertainty in risk stratification. This review evaluates the validity and implementation of VTE risk assessment models (RAMs) in medical inpatients. Seven widely used RAMs, Caprini, Padua, IMPROVE, IMPROVEDD, Wells, Geneva, and Kucher e-alert, are critically examined alongside emerging digital and biomarker-enhanced tools. The Padua and IMPROVE scores show consistent

Abstract by Lama Alfehaid; Nada Alsuhebany; Yahya M K Tawfik; Shuroug A. Alowais; Shazia Adnan; Joud Alfriah; Lolwa Alabdelmuhsin; Abdulmajeed M. Alshehri, Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine (2026) — licensed CC BY 4.0.

Read the full paper (open access)