Vitamin D and Health Outcomes: State-of-the-Art Review of Triangulated Evidence and Ongoing Controversies
Maria Dalamaga; Rodopi Emfietzoglou; Dimitra Petropoulou; Maria Kypraiou; Dimitris Kounatidis; Natalia G. Vallianou; Spyridon Karras; Faidon Magkos · 2026 · Current Nutrition Reports
WASTE classifies this as Negative / Null Result Report · AI classification, approximate
The study found no significant effect — useful as a negative control or null benchmark for your own design.
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Vitamin D is a pleiotropic hormone with an established role in skeletal integrity and broader actions in immune regulation, inflammation, cellular proliferation, and energy homeostasis. Despite decades of research, its extra-skeletal effects remain controversial, largely due to discordant findings across observational studies, Mendelian randomization studies (MRS), and randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Unlike many prior reviews, this state-of-the-art review synthesizes triangulated evidence across these study designs to clarify outcome-specific causal relationships and on
Abstract by Maria Dalamaga; Rodopi Emfietzoglou; Dimitra Petropoulou; Maria Kypraiou; Dimitris Kounatidis; Natalia G. Vallianou; Spyridon Karras; Faidon Magkos, Current Nutrition Reports (2026) — licensed CC BY 4.0.
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Metadata source: OpenAlex · DOI 10.1007/s13668-026-00748-2