Changes in tobacco sales before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan: An interrupted time series analysis.
Kondo K; Morita I; Sakuma S; Ohsawa I · 2026 · PloS one
WASTE classifies this as Negative / Null Result Report · AI classification, approximate
The study found no significant effect — useful as a negative control or null benchmark for your own design.
Abstract (excerpt)
Objectives This study aimed to longitudinally examine nationwide changes in smoking behavior among the Japanese population in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Design and setting A secondary analysis was conducted using cigarette sales…
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Metadata source: Europe PMC · DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0350820