Government spending and economic growth dynamics in Somalia: time series evidence from ARDL bounds testing
Bile Abdisalan Nor; Yusniliyana Yusof · 2025 · Discover Sustainability
WASTE classifies this as Negative / Null Result Report · AI classification, approximate
The study found no significant effect — useful as a negative control or null benchmark for your own design.
Abstract
Abstract Somalia’s economy has faced persistent instability due to shocks from COVID-19, climate-related disasters, and conflict, resulting in stagnant GDP growth (averaging 2% from 2019 to 2023) and declining real GDP per capita (− 0.8% annually). Despite government expenditure rising to 9% of GDP in 2021, its efficiency in driving growth remains uncertain, raising critical questions about fiscal policy effectiveness in fragile states. We aim to investigate the relationship between government expenditure and GDP growth in Somalia from 1991 to 2021 using the ARDL estimation technique. The resu
Abstract by Bile Abdisalan Nor; Yusniliyana Yusof, Discover Sustainability (2025) — licensed CC BY 4.0.
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Metadata source: OpenAlex · DOI 10.1007/s43621-025-01471-8